
Here is a list of basic symbols commonly used in knitting patterns, along with their names and explanations in English.

Symbol
|
Abb | Explanation |
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K |
Knit |
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P | Purl |
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K tbl |
Knit through the back loop |
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P tbl | Purl through the back loop |
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M1 | Make one stitch (right/left) |
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M1p | Make one purl-wide (right/left) |
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LLI | Left lifted increase |
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RLI | Right lifted increase |
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LLIp | Left lifted increase (purled) |
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RLIp | Right lifted increase (purled) |
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Sl wyib | Slip stitch with yarn in back |
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Sl wyif | Slip stitch with yarn front |
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K1b |
Knit one below |
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P1b | Purl one below |
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Yo | Yarn over |
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Ssk | Slip slip knit |
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K2tog | Knit two stitches together |
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Ssp | Slip slip purl |
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P2tog | Purl two stitches together |
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Sssk Sk2p |
Slip slip slip knit Slip 1, knit 2 together, pass slipped stitch over |
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K3tog | Knit three stitches together |
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Sssp | Slip slip slip purl |
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P3tog | Purl three stitches together |
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S2kp | Slip two stitches knitwise, knit one, pass slipped stitches over |

Once you understand these basic symbols, you'll be able to read simple chart patterns.
Note: Different patterns may use different symbols, so it's important to read the key or legend that accompanies each pattern to understand what each symbol means.
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